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Description: Mount Vesuvius (Italian Vesuvio, Latin Vesuvius) is an active volcano on mainland Europe. It is located on the Gulf of Naples in the Italian region of Campania, nine kilometers from the city of Naples. Vesuvius on the 26th September 2000, taken from the Terra satellite. The onboard ASTER instrument records images ranging from the electromagnetic spectrum to the thermal infrared. The altitude, surface temperature, reflectivity and emissivity of the volcano can be derived from the recording. Today the mountain is 1281 m high. It consists of the remains of an earlier much higher, older stratovolcano, the Somma, the top of which has collapsed to form a caldera, and the cone of the "actual" Vesuvius that was newly formed inside the collapse basin. Vesuvius activity triggers recurring Plinian eruptions. The typical hallmark of these explosive volcanic eruptions is the rising of a kilometer-high eruption column and the rapid ejection of large quantities of volcanic material.[2] The great Vesuvius eruptions are also accompanied by pyroclastic flows, which are among the most dangerous forms of volcanism. These major events are followed by active periods of stromboli-type eruptions and effusive lava flows. The subsequent dormant state can last for several hundred years and ends with another large eruption. The term "Plinian eruption" refers to Pliny the Younger. As a young man, the later Roman senator observed the last major eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD, during which the ancient cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabiae and Oplontis were buried, and described this years later in his writings. Volcanology now uses the term as a general classifier. in the 20th In the 19th century, several volcanoes erupted in Plinian eruptions, including Mount St. Helens in 1980 and Mount Pinatubo in 1991. Vesuvius was after 79 AD active for centuries. Since the last eruption in 1944 it has been in a quiet phase. (Wikipedia)