original drawing by Bourdet
Like the text, wood engravings are printed using the letterpress process. They were used in books and magazines from the 19th century. century as illustrations, which is why they often have text on the back as well.
Almost 125 years and still in very good condition!
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Documentation: The Heinrichslinde in Braunschweig, also known as Heinrich the Lion's linden, cathedral or castle linden, is an important single tree on the cathedral square and is considered a green landmark of the city. Today's linden tree replaces the historic one, which according to legend was planted by Henry the Lion himself in 1173, before construction work began on Braunschweig Cathedral, and which was considered the oldest tree in the city until it collapsed in 1894. The old tree was a large-leaf linden (Tilia platyphyllos), the new one is a small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata). It has a height of 19 m, a trunk circumference of 2.10 m and a crown diameter of 12 m. The linden tree stands on the western part of the cathedral square, the southern side of the cathedral and is surrounded by a rondel with a drinking fountain on the southern edge. The historic Heinrichslinde was probably first mentioned in 1492 in the Cronecken der Sassen attributed to the Brunswick chronicler Kort Bote. The chronicle reported that the "lynden zu brunßwick" blossomed exceptionally early at Easter 1473. The tree was so called beyond the city gates. It stood on the grounds of the Burgfreiheit, which extended around Dankwarderode Castle in the Middle Ages. Next to the linden tree was the cloister of the cathedral chapter. The original linden tree was 24 m high and at a height of 50 cm had a circumference of 6.30 m. Similar linden trees were found near the Aegidien and Brüdernkirche. In the church books of the cathedral, the tree was mentioned in the 17th century. Century as "old, thick linden tree" recorded. It stood on the castle cemetery, which was used until 1757 and extended around the south and west side of the cathedral to the castle square. On the southern edge of the cathedral square were the buildings of the Blasiusstift, which was closed in 1803. In the course of the Brunswick Revolution of 1830, during which the then Brunswick Duke Karl II. on the 7th September 1830 was driven out by the population, on his last day in the city he had given the order to level the old cemetery and demolish the unused monastery building in order to provide employment for the unemployed city population. This demolition work continued until early 1831. Among other things, the Annenkapelle (built 1519-1522), the chapter house, the granary and the cloisters of the cathedral fell victim to this "job creation measure".[5] The demolition of the buildings created a square that was only officially opened in 1858 (although already in 1841). marked as such in plans), was christened “Wilhelmsplatz” in honor of the new Duke of Brunswick, Wilhelm, brother of the expelled Duke. A long-term consequence of the demolition work, however, was the permanent damage to the Heinrichslinde tree: the new space that had been created had been paved, causing lasting damage to the tree's roots. From then on, the tree became ailing, the crown of the tree and various branches withered away bit by bit. In 1834, cathedral cantor Christoph Friedrich Görges determined that the linden tree was dying at the top. For the 1000th anniversary of the city of Braunschweig in 1861, a new one was planted next to the dying linden tree, but it soon died. In the following year 1862 another tree was planted. This one didn't work properly either. Four decades after the demolition work, the Heinrichslinde was so damaged that it was partially hollow on the inside. The ailing of the tree was closely followed by the press. In September 1871, however, the situation seemed to improve: young shoots grew inside the trunk. In the spring of 1872, rotten spots and cracks in the trunk were covered with sheet metal. A protective grille was also erected. In his work published in 1877 Braunschweig and surroundings: historical-topographical handbook and guide through the monuments and art treasures of the city. Stadtgeometer Friedrich Knoll reported that the tree was "dying" and that the planting of the new linden tree in 1861 was the initiative of the cathedral and court chaplain Heinrich Thiele. In the course of the new construction work on the Braunschweig district court building in the Münzstraße and south of the Wilhelmsplatz, there was a further improvement in the condition from 1881 onwards. Part of the paving around the tree was removed, the soil loosened up and a lawn with bosquet planting laid out around the trunk. Since the linden tree officially belonged to the cathedral, its maintenance was the responsibility of the ducal state ministry. At a distance of six meters from the trunk, the ducal promenade inspector Friedrich Kreiss had shafts built that were filled with coal slag to improve the water supply to the roots. As a result of these measures, the state of health of the linden tree actually seemed to be improving. In the following years it bloomed more than before and in the spring of 1883 it was reported that the crown was extraordinarily lush. The trunk of the old Heinrichslinde had last a circumference of nearly 20 feet. Her foliage crown was more than 70 feet tall. However, this recovery was short-lived. At the end of March 1886, the eight meter long and one meter wide southern main branch had to be removed because it had died. In August 1890 the tree lost several strong branches in a hurricane. In November of the same year, two wide iron rings were placed around the two remaining stumps of branches to stabilize the remains and prevent them from breaking apart. In June 1891, a 50 cm wide gap suddenly opened up, from which large amounts of rotten wood and clay emerged. A few days later this crack was covered with boards. In the early summer of 1893, Kreiss found that even the last branch on the west side had withered. Eventually the tree had no crown, only a few new branches grew on the ground around the trunk. In June 1894 newspapers in the city reported that Albrecht of Prussia, regent of the Duchy of Brunswick from 1885 to 1906, had agreed to the removal of the remains of the Heinrichslinde by the end of the year. Even before this happened, the tree collapsed on the afternoon of April 19. September 1894, a windless day in late summer, collapsing almost silently. When the remains were removed, it was found that most of them crumbled to dust at the slightest pressure. So the conservation of the linden trunk ordered by Prince Albrecht was not possible. Only a halfway intact piece was brought to the Patriotic Museum as an exhibit. From other usable parts, the ducal court turner Wolter made various gifts such as models of the Braunschweig lion, paperweights, picture frames and the like, which were sold at the Braunschweig Christmas market in 1894 to benefit the Marienstift. A newly planted lime tree was soon also called "Heinrichslinde". A raised rondel was created around this. The new tree dominates the western cathedral square and various events take place around it. During the Christmas market there are numerous stalls around the tree and the circular open space underneath offers standing room to linger. The Braunschweig flower market also takes place there every year. In 2008, herbs and beds around the tree were auctioned to secure the money needed for the maintenance work on the Heinrichslinde. In November 2021 it was announced that the new Heinrichslinde tree is in poor condition and can no longer be preserved. It is damaged by rot and fungi and will be restored on the 18th. November 2021 liked. Replacement planting is scheduled for January 2022.
Source: Wikipedia
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