after Athanasius Kircher
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Athanasius Kircher (also Latinized: Athanasius Kircherus Fuldensis; * 2. May 1602 in Geisa (Rhön) in the Hochstift Fulda; † 27 November 1680 in Rome) was a German Jesuit and polymath of the 17th century. Century, who taught and researched most of his life at the Collegium Romanum in Rome. Kircher published a large number of detailed monographs on a wide Spektrum of subjects including Egyptology, geology, medicine, mathematics and music theory. He tried to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs more than 150 years before Jean-François Champollion. On a trip to southern Italy in 1638, Kircher climbed into the crater of Vesuvius in order to explore the interior of the volcano on the edge of the eruption. He was also attracted to the subterranean rumble he heard at the Straits of Messina. His geological and geographical research culminated in his work Mundus subterraneus (1664), in which he assumed that the tides would be caused by water masses moving between the world's seas and a subterranean ocean. Kircher's position on fossils was not uniform. He understood that some of these fossils were animal remains, but attributed others to human ingenuity or the earth's spontaneous regenerative powers. Not all of the objects he attempted to explain were actually fossils - hence the diversity of his approaches. Friedrich Kittler describes Kircher as "a kind of scientific fire brigade of the Pope: With special orders and special powers, he was always there when new scientific territory had to be entered, but also had to be defended in the name of the Church." In fact, Kircher was ahead of his time, particularly in his influence on acoustics, astronomy, mechanics and color theory can be read. He was one of the first to suspect the influence of "little beings" on the spread of the plague. Kircher's motto was In uno omnia (All in one). Kircher was born on 2 May 1602 in Geisa, a town belonging to the Hochstift Fulda in the northern Rhön. From 1614 to 1618 he attended the Jesuit college in Fulda. On 2. In October 1618 he joined the Jesuit order in Paderborn. He studied philosophy and theology at the Academia Theodoriana, but had to flee to Cologne in an adventurous way in 1622 in order to escape the invading Protestant troops under Duke Christian of Brunswick-Lüneburg.[2] On the journey he narrowly escaped that Death after falling through the ice while crossing the frozen Rhine. Later he worked as a teacher in Heiligenstadt, teaching mathematics, Hebrew and Syriac. In 1628 he became a priest and in the same year a professor of mathematics and ethics at the University of Würzburg. In 1631 he published his first book (Ars Magnesia). In the same year, the Thirty Years' War forced him to continue his work at the Pontifical University of Avignon in France. In 1633 Ferdinand II, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, appointed him to succeed Johannes Kepler as a mathematician at the Habsburg court in Vienna. However, this appeal was revoked at the instigation of Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc. Instead, he arranged for an appointment to the Collegium Romanum in Rome, since his friend Kircher would have more time there for his research – including working on the deciphering of hieroglyphs. In 1637/1638 he undertook a research trip that took him to Malta, Sicily and the Aeolian Islands, climbing Mount Etna and Stromboli. After witnessing the Calabria earthquake, he disembarked in Naples, climbed Vesuvius, and abseiled into the crater. From 1638 on, Kircher taught mathematics, physics and oriental languages at the Collegium Romanum (Gregoriana). In 1645 he was released from this job in order to be able to devote himself to his research. He researched diseases such as malaria and the plague and created an important collection of antiquities, which he exhibited together with his own inventions in the Kircherianum museum, which was set up especially for this purpose. In 1661 Kircher discovered the ruins of a church said to have been built by Constantine the Great on the site where an apparition of Jesus is said to have taken place. He collected money for the reconstruction of this church (in Guadagnolo, east of Palestrina) and ordered his heart to be buried there. The monastery of Santuário della Mentorella on the "Eustachiusberg" has housed a branch of the Polish "Resurrectionists" (priests of the resurrection) since 1857. The polyhistor Athanasius Kircher died on 30. October 1680 in Rome. Kircher published a large number of seminal works on a very wide range of subjects. He dealt with mathematics, physics, chemistry, geography, geology, astronomy, biology, medicine, music, languages, and philology Story. He pursued a syncretistic or universal scientific approach and did not attach importance to the nascent formation of different disciplines as we know them in the scientific community today. It is typical of his monographs that they go beyond the actual topic and include related questions and meta-discussions. For example, his book Magnes (1641), which deals primarily with magnetism, also deals with other forms of attraction such as gravitation and love (quote: "Everything is connected by secret knots"). In the Ars magna lucis et umbrae of 1646 there is an almost overwhelming number of different topics, including botany, zoology, color theory, radiation theory, light refraction, parabolic mirrors, astrology, medicine, sundials, hour lines and astronomy. The theoretical explanations are interrupted and explained by clear sketches.[3] Kircher's perhaps best-known work today is Œdipus Ægyptiacus (1652), a broad study of Egyptology and comparative religion. His works, written in Latin, were widely distributed in his time and made the results of scientific work known to a wide circle of readers.
(Source: Wikipedia)
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