Marie Under (27 March [O.S. 15 March] 1883 – 25 September 1980) was one of the greatest Estonian poets.
In her free time, she wrote poetry in German. In 1902, she married an Estonian accountant, Carl Hacker. The couple had two children
in Kuchino, a suburb of Moscow. However, in 1904, she fell in love with the Estonian artist Ants Laikmaa. Laikmaa convinced her to
translate her poetry into Estonian and submitted her translated works to local newspapers. In 1906, Under returned to Reval.
In 1913, she met Arthur Adson, who became her secretary. He also compiled the first volumes of her published poetry.
In 1924, Under divorced Carl Hacker and married Adson. Under was one of the founders of Estonian Writers' Union in 1922.
In the 1920s, Under was a frequent visitor at the house of Igor Severyanin, a Russian poet, in the village of Toila,
where she often was on holiday. Severyanin published a book of translations from Under.
Severyanin did not speak Estonian and used word-by-word translations as a basis.
Beginning in September 1944, the U.S.S.R. reoccupied Estonia. Under and her family fled to Sweden.
They spent almost a year in a refugee camp. In 1945, the family moved to Mälarhöjden, a suburb of Stockholm,
Sweden, where Under lived until her death on September 25, 1980.
Ado (Adolf) Vabbe (1892 - 1961) - was one of most innovative artists in Estonian art from the 1910s to the end of 1920s,
whose name is accociated with the advent of Futurism, Cubo-Futurism and Expressionism. Vabbe's abstract works are also known.
Vabbe was one of the founders of the Pallas Artists Union and the art school by the same name, where the whole generation of
Estonian artists was trained in 1920s. Vabbe studied and worked in Germany and Russia. His significance in Estonian culture is founded
on his Avant-Garde work, for which reason innovative cultural groupings maintained close contact with Vabbe. Vabbe was connected to the
"Noor Eesti" traditions, the art worlds of "Beardsley" and "Mir Iskusstva". He personally knew Vassily Kandinsky and was influenced by
the abstract impressionism of the group "Der Blauer Reiter". From all of this he synthesised his own style, which is close to Art Deco.
Famous Estonian books graphic, arts artist, modernist, constructivist, abstractionist. Member of Estonian Artists’ school "Pallas",
Group of Cubism and Constructivism. Illustrator 60 books - Johannes Barbarus, Richard Roht, Marie Under, Henrik Visnapuu...