| LEGEND TO THE ILLUSTRATIONS, SEE BELOW Print Specifics:
Notes:
Legend to the illustrations: Figure 1. Ship of the line on the stocks 2. Launch of a ship of the line (the ship either slides down on a cradle, or directly on the stocks. The ship is dressed with flags and banners, and the officers, invited guests, and numerous strangers are on board; and as soon as the last prop is knocked away, and the rope which holds the ship on the stocks is cut free, the crowd of people on the deck, with their motions, cause the ship to quiver, and she begins to glide slowly at first, and then with a rapidly accelerated motion. All the timbers of the ship crack; the keel is so heated by the friction that it takes fire, and water must be poured on.) 3. Caulking of a vessel with oakum and coated with hot pitch 4. Graving of a vessel ( After the vessel is caulked, the remaining pitch is scraped off. When subsequently the caulking is repeated on the water, it is burnt off ) 5. Rope-walk (The ropes are made in a rope-walk of hemp, and on the coasts of the Mediterranean of the bark of the fig-tree and of the spikenard plant. The most slender ropes are called lines, and consist of six, nine, twelve, and fifteen yarns. The thicker ropes are called hawsers, and consist of at least eighteen yarns. The strands, usually three, are laid simply, for which reason all rope-work of this kind has been called hawser-laid. The larger ropes are composed of nine strands, or of three common ropes made into one. Ropes of this kind are called cable-laid.) 6. Sail bench (The object of the sails is to receive the wind and thus propel the ship. Their arrangement now forms a system of great ingenuity, giving the appropriate position to them, in all cases, with rapidity and certainty. They are made of very thick hempen cloth, manufactured for the purpose, with three different degrees of strength, so that the strongest may be used for the lower sails. Indeed, the upper sails are sometimes made of linen or cotton. A sail is composed of several breadths of sail cloth, sewed lengthwise with strong tarred sail-yarn. The whole work is done on the sail-bench, by a part of the ship's company, called sailmakers. The borders of the sail, called leeches, at the sides are surrounded with a fine, light-spun rope, called bolt-rope. At the corners, and wherever ropes are attached for stretching the sails, small iron rings are inserted. A row of holes is made on the head of the sails, through which short lines are passed, bending the sail to the yard. Here, and wherever holes are made for reef-lines, the sail-cloth is doubled. The side of the sail towards the stern of the ship is called the inner side. In order to fasten the yards, rings of rope with knobs are used). Martin2001 Satisfaction Guaranteed Policy!
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