NACA 15th Annual Rprt & Technical Reports. 1929 Aviation. Jacobs, Diehl, Weick

NACA 15th Annual Rprt & Technical Reports. 1929 Aviation. Jacobs, Diehl, Weick

AERONAUTICS

FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
FOR AERONAUTICS

1929



Including Techinical Reports
Nos. 309 to 336

United States Government Printing Office, Washington. 1930. Original edition.
Hardcover, Brown cloth, spine title, quarto, VIII, 779 pages, illustrations, graphs, tables. An important volume summarizing developments in aviation, NACA activities during 1929 as well as technical reports documenting important research and development efforts including contributions by aviation pioneers Eastman Jacobs, Walter S. Diehl, Fred E. Weick, et al.

See below for the full Table of Contents and selected biographies.



The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) was a United States federal agency founded on March 3, 1915, to undertake, promote, and institutionalize aeronautical research. On October 1, 1958, the agency was dissolved and its assets and personnel transferred to the newly created National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Among other advancements, NACA research and development produced the NACA duct, a type of air intake used in modern automotive applications, the NACA cowling, and several series of NACA airfoils which are still used in aircraft manufacturing.

During World War II, NACA was described as "The Force Behind Our Air Supremacy" due to its key role in producing working superchargers for high altitude bombers, and for producing the laminar wing profiles for the North American P-51 Mustang.[3] NACA was also key in developing the area rule that is used on all modern supersonic aircraft, and conducted the key compressibility research that enabled the Bell X-1 to break the sound barrier.

Research
On January 29, 1920, President Wilson appointed pioneering flier and aviation engineer Orville Wright to NACA's board. By the early 1920s, it had adopted a new and more ambitious mission: to promote military and civilian aviation through applied research that looked beyond current needs. NACA researchers pursued this mission through the agency's impressive collection of in-house wind tunnels, engine test stands, and flight test facilities. Commercial and military clients were also permitted to use NACA facilities on a contract basis.

Facilities Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory (Hampton, Virginia)
Ames Aeronautical Laboratory (Moffett Field)
Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory (Lewis Research Center)
Muroc Flight Test Unit (Edwards Air Force Base)

In 1922, NACA had 100 employees. By 1938, it had 426. In addition to formal assignments, staff were encouraged to pursue unauthorized "bootleg" research, provided that it was not too exotic. The result was a long string of fundamental breakthroughs, including "thin airfoil theory" (1920s), "NACA engine cowl" (1930s), the "NACA airfoil" series (1940s), and the "area rule" for supersonic aircraft (1950s).



CONTENTS
Letter of submittal- -------------------------------------------------------------------------iii
Letter of transmittal ---------- ---------------------------- ----------------------- v
Fifteenth annual report -------------------------------------------------------------- 1
PART I. ORGANIZATION

Functions of the committee-------------------------------------------------------- 4
Organization of the committee...-------------------------------------- 5
Meetings of the entire committee- --------------------------------------------------. 6
The executive committee ------ ----------------------------------------------------------
Subcommittees ------------------------ ------------------------------- --------------------7
Quarters for connittee-----. ---------------------------------------------------------------8
The Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory --------- ------------------------
The Office of Aeronautical Intelligence---------------------- 10
Financial report----------------------------------------------------------------------------11

PART II. GENERAL ACTIVITIES

Study of aircraft accidents-- ---------------------------------------------------------- 12
Consideration of aeronautical inventions------ -- ------------------------ ---------- 14
Relations with the aircraft industry --------------------------- - --- --------------------14
Rigid airships -------------------------------------------------------------------------------15
The Daniel Guggenheim.Fund for the Promotion of Aeronautics-------------------17
Cooperation with State Department abroad----- ----------------------------------- 18
Cooperation with British Aeronautical Research Committee ----------------------- 18
Cooperation of Army and Navy ---------------------------------------------------------19
Investigations undertaken for the Army and the Navy----- 19
Exhibit at Seville International Exposition------------------------------------- --- 20

PART III. REPORTS OF TECHNICAL COMMITTEES

Report of committee on aerodynamic ....... .. 22
Report of committee on power plants for aircraft.---- ------------------- 37
Report of committee on-materials for aircraft--...--------------------------------------- 48
Report of committee on problems of air navigation ..... --------- ----- - - 57

PART IV. TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE

Summaries of Technical Reports------------------------------------------------------ 61
List of Technical Notes issued during the past year. -------------------------- ------------72
List of Technical Memorandums issued during the past --------------------------------- 73
List of Aircraft Circulars issued during the past year --------------------------------------75
Bibliography of Aeronautics-------- ----------------------------------------------------------76

PART V. SUMMARY OF PROGRESS IN AIRCRAFT DEVELOPMENT

Aerodynamics ---------------------------------------------------------------77
Airplanes Structures---------------------------------------------------------83
Airships------------------------------------------------------------------------85
Aircraft englnes- - ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------ 85
Factors that have contributed to the present state of aeronautic progress-------87
Outlook for the future------------------------------------------------ 88
Conclusion ------------------------------------------------------------------ 89


TECHNICAL REPORTS
No. 309. Joint Report on Standardization Tests on N. P. L. R. A. F. 15 Airfoil Model. By Walter S. Diehl ---------- 91
No. 310. Pressure Element of Constant Logarithmic Stiffness for Temperature Compensated Altimeter. By W. G. Brombacher and F. Cordero-111
No. 311. Aerodynamic Theory and Test of Strut Forms. By R. H. Smith--.125
No. 312. The Prediction of Airfoil Characteristics. By George J. Higgins ---- 149
No. 313. Drag and Cooling with Various Forms of Cowling for a "' Whirlwind " Radial Air-Cooled Engine-I. By Fred E. Weick - 163
No. 314. Drag and Cooling with Various Forms of Cowling for a "Whirlwind" Radial Air-Cooled Engine-II. By Fred E. Weick ..189
No. 315. Aerodynamic Characteristics of Airfoils-VI. By National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics - -211
No. 316. Tables for Pressure of Air on Coming to Rest from Various Speeds.' By A. F. Zahm and F. A. Louden---- 247
No. 317. Wind Tunnel Tests on a Series of Wing 'Models Through a Large Angle of Attack Range, Part I-Force Tests. By Montgomery Knight and Carl J. Wenzinger.-----------------255
No. 318. Speed and Deceleration Trials of U. S. S. Los Angeles. By S. J. De France and C. P. Burgess.---- 305
No. 319. Aerodynamic Characteristics of Twenty-four Airfoils at High Speeds. By L. J. Briggs and H. L. Dryden---325
No. 320. The Measurement of Fluctuations of Air Speed by the Hot-Wire Anemometer. By H. L. Dryden and A. M. Kuethe—357
No. 321. Fuel Vapor Pressures and the Relation of Vapor Pressure to the Preparation of Fuel for Combustion in Fuel Injection Engines. By Winm. F. Joachim and A. M. Rothrock –383
No. 322. Investigation of Air Flow in Open-Throat Wind Tunnels. By Eastman N. Jacobs 397
No. 323. Flow and Force Equations for a Body Revolving in a Fluid. By . F. Zahm-------409
No. 324. Flight Tests on U. S. S. Los Angeles, Part I-Full Scale Pressure Distribution Investigation. By S.J. De France- 449
No. 325. Flight Tests on U. S. S. Los Angeles, Part II-Stress and Strength Determination. By C. P. Burgess --483
No. 326. Tests of Five Metal Model Propellers with Various Pitch Distributions in a Free Wind Stream and in Combination with a Model VE-7 Fuselage. By E. P. Lesley and Elliott G. Reid....499
No. 327. The Effect of Supercharger Capacity on Engine and Airplane Performance. By O. W. Schey and W. D. Gove -----517
No. 328. Water Pressure Distribution on a Twin-Float Seaplane. By F. L. Thompson-537
No. 329. The Torsional Strength of Wings. By C. P. Burgess -----------------555
No. 330. Experimental and Analytical Determination of the Motion of Hydraulically Operated Valve Stems in Oil Engine Injection Systems. By A G. Gelalles and A. M. Rothrock 569
No. 331. Collection of Wind-Tunnel Data on Commonly used Wing Sections. By F. A. Louden---589
No. 332. The Effect of Cowling on Cylinder Temperatures and Performance of a Wright J-5 Engine. By Oscar W. Schey and Arnold E. Biermann... 635
No. 333. Full-Scale Turning Characteristics of the U. S. S. Los Angeles. By F. L. Thompson---657
No. 334. The Torsion of Members Having Sections Common in Aircraft Construction. By George W. Trayer and H. W. March -671
No. 335. Aerodynamic Theory and Test of Strut Forms-II. By R. H. Smith------------721
No. 336. Tests of Large Airfoils in the Propeller Research Tunnel, Including Two with Corrugated Surfaces. By Donald H. Wood- 761


Fred Ernest Weick (1899–1993) was an airmail pilot, research engineer, and aircraft designer. Working at the NACA, he won the 1929 Collier Trophy for his design of the NACA cowling for radial air-cooled engines. Weick's aircraft outstanding designs include the Ercoupe, Piper PA-25 Pawnee, and Cherokee.

Life
A 1922 graduate of the University of Illinois, he was one of the first university graduates to apply his degree to a career in aeronautics. Weick was also one of the first engineers hired by the original U.S. Air Mail Service. His efforts in the early 1920s to establish emergency fields for night-flying mail pilots addressed a major challenge.

Weick worked for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) at its Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, in Hampton, Virginia beginning in November 1925. He helped design the first wind tunnel devoted to full-scale propeller research and wrote a textbook on propeller design that became a classic.

It was also at Langley that Weick headed the development of streamlined, low-drag engine cowling technology that was to advance aircraft performance dramatically. The NACA cowling first revolutionized civil air transport by making aircraft faster and more profitable. It also found application on the bombers and fighters of World War II. For this engineering breakthrough, he won the prestigious Collier Trophy for NACA in 1929.

The experimental airplane he built in the early 1930s demonstrated Weick's passion for safety. He left NACA in 1936, and joined ERCO's fledgling aircraft team as chief designer. His goal was to make flying as easy and safe as driving the family auto. In addition to the integrated controls for ease of flying, he incorporated the tricycle landing gear that later became standard on most of the world's aircraft.

Later in the 1930s, Weick improved on that design with the Ercoupe, the two-seat, all-metal, low-wing aircraft that was so easy and safe to fly that many students mastered it in five hours or less. Half of the 6,000 Ercoupes built were still flying at the time of Weick's death. In February 1946, he received the Fawcett Aviation Award "in recognition of his development of a spinproof, stallproof, all-safety, dual control light plane that is as easy to fly as the average automobile..." that year's greatest contribution to the scientific advancement of aviation.

Weick joined Texas A&M University in 1948. There, he worked on the design and development of the Ag-1 crop duster, and designed the Ag-3, predecessor to the Piper PA-25 Pawnee series. The same basic configuration and design concepts pioneered in the Ag-1 can be seen in more modern crop dusters including the Air Tractor AT-802.

In a 1979 interview about general aviation's future past the year 2000, Weick accurately envisioned the continued interest in sport aviation and the practical use of aircraft for medium-range transportation. He mentioned that he had seen gas turbines demonstrated as early as 1922, and that their future use in light aircraft would only be viable with development of cost-efficient materials that could withstand the heat. He felt future aircraft would not be radically different, but could benefit from safety improvements in controllability.

He joined Piper Aircraft in 1957 as director and chief engineer of its development center, remaining there until his retirement at age 70. In addition to the Pawnee, Weick co-designed Piper's Cherokee line of personal and business light aircraft. Weick remained active in general aviation, regularly attending the Experimental Aircraft Association Oshkosh airshow for entertainment and lectures.

He married Dorothy Church (1900–1991) and they had three children together. Weick died on Thursday, July 8, 1993, in Vero Beach, Florida.

In 2002, Fred E. Weick was honored by the Virginia Aeronautical Historical Society, when he was inducted into the Virginia Aviation Hall of Fame for his contributions to aviation and aviation safety.

CONDITION: Ex university library reference copy in Very Good- condtion. (Covers have edgewear, light soil, rubbing on spine. Library labels on front pastedown and stamp on front endpaper, title page and first text page. Vertical crease and repairs on front endpaper, surface tear and repair on rear pastedown. The tightly bound Contents are complete, clean and intact.)



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