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Glucosamine

Glucosamine is a component of hyaluronic acid, making it beneficial for dry skin. This amino sugar also helps eliminate dark spots and enhances the benefits of niacinamide.

How to use it

Beginner: Add up to 1 tube to 4 oz of your favorite base cream or water-based formula.

Advanced: This ingredient is recommended for use at up to 4% in formulations. We recommend adding this ingredient during the heated water phase of a formulation, but it is also very soluble at room temperature. This ingredient can be uséd in a pH range of 2-8.

Quick Tips

Store in a cool, dark location.

Ingredients

Products with this ingredient:
Collagen Serum, Firming Serum, Lip Collagen Treatment, Pain Relief Cream, Skin Brightening Cream

INCI:
N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine

Research

Kim, C. -H., Cheong, K. A., Park, C. D., Lee, A. –Y (2011) Glucosamine Improved Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice by Inhibition of Th2 Cell Development. Scandinavian J. Immunology 73: 536-545.

Callender, Valerie D., St Surin-Lord, Sharleen, Davis, Erica C., Maclin, Marissa (2011) Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation Etiologic and Therapeutic Considerations American J. Clinical Dermatology, 87-99.

Mammone T, Gan D, Fthenakis C, Marenus K (2009) The effect of N-acetyl-glucosamine on stratum corneum desquamation and water content in human skin. Journal Cosmetic Science 60 423-428.

Kimball, A. B., Kaczvinsky, J. R., Li, J., Robinson, L. R., Matts, P. J.Berge, C. A.Miyamoto, K.)Bissett, D. L. (2010) Reduction in the appearance of facial hyperpigmentation after use of moisturizers with a combination of topical niacinamide and N-acetyl glucosamine: results of a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial. British J Dermatology 162: 435-441.