Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King (French: le Roi Soleil), was the King of France from 1643 to 1715. He is one of the most famous monarchs in French history, and his reign is often associated with the apex of absolute monarchy and the splendor of the French court. Here are key points about Louis XIV:

1. Ascension to the Throne: Louis XIV became king at the age of four in 1643, following the death of his father, Louis XIII. His mother, Anne of Austria, served as regent until he came of age.
2. Personal Rule: Louis XIV is known for his concept of absolute monarchy, often expressed by the phrase "L'État, c'est moi" ("I am the state"). He centralized power in the monarchy, weakening the nobility and establishing an elaborate system of governance.
3. Versailles: One of Louis XIV's most significant achievements was the construction and transformation of the Palace of Versailles. The palace became the center of political power and the residence of the French court. The architecture, gardens, and art at Versailles reflected the king's desire for grandeur and control.
4. Symbol of the Sun King: Louis XIV adopted the sun as his personal emblem, associating himself with the image of the Sun King. This symbolized his belief in absolute rule and his role as the source of light and power for France.
5. Military Campaigns: Louis XIV engaged in numerous wars during his reign, including the War of Devolution, the Dutch War, the War of the Reunions, and the War of the Spanish Succession. These conflicts aimed at expanding French territories and influence.
6. Patron of the Arts: Louis XIV was a patron of the arts, supporting literature, music, and the visual arts. Many prominent artists, writers, and musicians thrived under his patronage.
7. Edict of Nantes: In 1685, Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes, which had granted religious tolerance to Protestant Huguenots. The revocation led to the persecution and emigration of many Huguenots, impacting French society and its economy.
8. Death: Louis XIV died on September 1, 1715, after a reign of 72 years, making him one of the longest-reigning monarchs in European history. He was succeeded by his great-grandson, Louis XV.

Louis XIV's reign left a lasting impact on France, shaping the country's political and cultural landscape. While he is remembered for the opulence of Versailles, his absolutist rule, and military pursuits, his legacy is complex and continues to be a subject of historical analysis and debate.