Carlos IV of Spain, also known as Charles IV, was born on November 11, 1748, in Portici, Kingdom of Naples (now in Italy). He was a member of the Bourbon dynasty and reigned as the King of Spain from 1788 until his abdication in 1808. Here are some key points about Carlos IV:
Ascension to the Throne: Carlos IV became King of Spain following the death of his father, Carlos III, in 1788.
Marriage: In 1765, Carlos IV married his cousin Maria Luisa of Parma. They had several children, including the future King Fernando VII.
Political Influence of Manuel Godoy: During Carlos IV's reign, Manuel de Godoy, a favorite and advisor to the queen, exerted significant influence over Spanish affairs. His role in the government and the influence he had over the royal family led to political instability.
Political Challenges: The reign of Carlos IV was marked by internal strife, political intrigues, and the influence of external powers. The Napoleonic Wars and the complex political situation in Europe had repercussions for Spain.
Abdication: In the context of the Napoleonic invasion of Spain, Carlos IV abdicated the throne in favor of his son, Fernando VII, on March 19, 1808. This was a tumultuous period in Spanish history, as it set the stage for the Peninsular War.
Events Leading to Abdication: The abdication was influenced by the political machinations within the Spanish royal family, the influence of foreign powers, and the threat posed by the French invasion led by Napoleon Bonaparte.
Life in Exile: After his abdication, Carlos IV and his wife spent the rest of their lives in exile. They first went to Bayonne in France, and later they lived in Italy. Carlos IV died on January 20, 1819, in Rome.
Carlos IV's reign was marked by political challenges and the tumultuous events that unfolded during the Peninsular War. His abdication and the subsequent events had a profound impact on Spain's history during the early 19th century.