Korea South 2024 "Donghak Peasant Revolution" Sheet

In 1860, Donghak was founded and widespread, calling for human equality and opposing foreign infiltration, but at that time, the government and the yangban class saw it as dangerous and suppressed it. In the spring of 1894, farmers who could not withstand the exploitation of local officials raised a large-scale uprising under the leadership of Jeon Bong-jun. The Donghak Peasant Revolution was a large-scale popular uprising that first rose in March 1894 to reform the system, and second rose in September of the same year to protect national rights from Japanese invasion.

April 7, 1894 (May 11 of the solar calendar) was the first day that the Donghak Peasant Army, led by Jeon Bong-joon, Son Hwa-joong, and Kim Ga-nam, fought against the government army in the area of Ocher County and won a great victory. When the news of this victory spread across the country, farmers joined the Donghak Organization in large numbers, and greatly increased the revolutionary enthusiasm of the peasant army. To commemorate this victory, which marked a turning point in the Donghak Peasant Revolution, the Donghak Peasant Revolution Anniversary (May 11) was established, and this year marks the 130th anniversary of the Donghak Peasant Revolution.

The Donghak Peasant Revolution Records, which consists of a total of 185 records, was recognized worldwide as a result of the Joseon people's efforts for the universal values of freedom, equality, and human rights and was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2023. The Donghak Peasant Revolution, which was aimed at reform from below, has had a great influence on the righteous army's uprising, the March 1st Movement, and the anti-Japanese armed struggle, and is considered an action movement that was aimed at an equal society and independence independence.

The "Donghak Peasant Army Yoo Kwang-hwa Letter", which is included in the background of the commemorative stamp, is one of the "Donghak Peasant Revolution Records". Yoo Kwang-hwa's letter to her younger brother in November 1894 vividly shows the will of the Donghak Peasant Army who participated in the battle and their situation at that time. The letter from Yoo Kwang-hwa, the son of a noble family from Naju, is evaluated as an important record of the participation of all walks of life in the Donghak Peasant Revolution. I hope it will be an opportunity to remember the sublime spirit of the Donghak Peasant Revolution, which opened the horizon of equality and liberal democratization today.

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